Annexin-V Apoptosis Detection Kit, FITC, Pi
Product Size: 100 tests
Cat. No.: LB37661-K
Annexin V, FITC Conjugate
Pi Solution
Annexin V Binding Buffer
Apoptosis is one of the programmed cell death that plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis and developmental processes in both plants and animals. Any abnormal cells during the cytogenesis are eliminated by apoptosis. For instance, tumor growth from cancer cells occurred in vivo is inhibited by induction of apoptosis. However, apoptosis is not induced when the error occurs in tumor suppressor gene p53. Thus, the growth of cancer cells has been found to proceed. Apoptotic cells can be identified based on the alteration of cellular morphology as well as the alternation of biomedical changes
. Today, various indicators such as caspase activity variation, DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine transition on the cell surface-chromosomal have been established. Annexin V stained cells are used to indicate cell membrane changes that occur in the early stage of apoptosis. Once apoptosis is initiated, the phosphatidylserine present in the inner cell membrane migrates through the cell membrane of the lipid bilayer. Annexin V specifically binds to phosphatidylserine in the presence of protein-dependent Ca++ ion. By using fluorescent or biotin labeled Annexin V, the apoptotic cells can be identified using flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. Due to the different wavelength characteristics of FITC labeled Annexin V and PI nuclei stain, it is possible to perform double staining simultaneously and observe the stages in the cell membrane.
Annexins are a family of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins that preferentially bind phosphatidylserine (PS). Under normal physiologic conditions, PS is predominantly located in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Upon initiation of apoptosis, PS loses its asymmetric distribution across the phospholipid bilayer and is translocated to the extracellular membrane leaflet marking cells as targets of phagocytosis. Once on the outer surface of the membrane, PS can be detected by fluorescently labeled Annexin V in a calcium-dependent manner.
Life biolab’s Annexin V Assay Kit employs a FITC-conjugated Annexin V as a probe for phosphatidylserine on the outer membrane of apoptotic cells. Reorganization of the plasma membrane occurs early in the apoptotic process disrupting phospholipid asymmetry and leading to the exposure of phophatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the cytoplasmic membrane. In the presence of calcium, Annexin V binds to phosphatidylserine allowing apoptotic cells to be easily identified by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy.